Africa and the Membership of the United Nations Security Council: Beyond the Ezulwini ConsensusBy Usman Sarki

Sele Media Africa
www.selemedia.org
Reported by Amos Dachung – Sele Media Africa Reporter
September 17, 2025

Africa and the Membership of the United Nations Security Council: Beyond the Ezulwini Consensus
By Usman Sarki

Africa’s longstanding quest for a permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) remains a critical issue in global diplomacy. The Ezulwini Consensus, adopted by the African Union in 2005, demands two permanent seats with veto power and five non-permanent seats for Africa on the UNSC. Yet, nearly two decades later, progress has been limited.

The Ezulwini Consensus: A Brief Overview

The Ezulwini Consensus was designed to unify Africa’s voice in demanding greater representation on the UNSC to reflect the continent’s geopolitical weight and population size. However, the proposal faces resistance from existing permanent members wary of diluting their power. (African Union Official Documents)

Challenges Beyond Consensus
Political divisions among African states, competing interests, and the complex dynamics of international politics have slowed Africa’s efforts. Some African countries favor incremental reforms rather than the full demands of the Ezulwini Consensus, while others prioritize regional influence. (Brookings Institution)

The Global Context

UNSC reform debates are often stalled by geopolitical rivalries, with emerging powers like India, Brazil, and Germany also seeking permanent seats. Africa’s challenge is compounded by the need for a united front amid diverse national priorities. (Council on Foreign Relations)

Moving Beyond the Ezulwini Consensus

Experts suggest Africa must pursue pragmatic strategies, including forging alliances with other reform advocates and focusing on achievable incremental gains such as increased non-permanent seats or regional representation mechanisms. (Chatham House)

The Road Ahead For Africa, securing fair representation on the UNSC remains a symbol of justice and global equity. Continued diplomatic engagement, regional unity, and innovative proposals could finally break the deadlock, ensuring Africa’s voice is no longer marginalized in decisions affecting international peace and security.

For further analysis and updates, visit Sele Media Africa.

About The Author

David Joshua Oliver

author

Oliver David Joshua is a seasoned media professional with a passion for impactful journalism and strategic leadership. As the Managing Director and Editor-In-Chief of Sele Media Africa, he oversees the organization’s editorial vision, ensuring high standards of truth, balance, and bold reporting. Known for his sharp editorial eye and commitment to excellence, Oliver plays a key role in shaping the voice of Sele Media Africa across the continent. His leadership continues to drive innovation, credibility, and growth in Africa’s digital media space.

See author's posts